Wiki source code of User Authentication

Version 64.4 by Sorin Burjan on 2013/04/18

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1 XWiki supports several different authentication mechanisms for authenticating users:
2
3 {{toc/}}
4
5 {{info}}
6 XWiki currently allows only one method of authentication to be enabled at a time. This will probably be improved in the future.
7 {{/info}}
8
9 = Form Authentication =
10
11 Form authentication is the default way to get authenticated within a Wiki. It requires a user and a password.
12
13 = Basic Authentication =
14
15 XWiki supports [[basic access authentication>>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_access_authentication]], a method designed to allow a web browser or other client programs to provide credentials - in the form of a user name and password - when making a request. You can get authenticated against an XWiki server with the basic authentication protocol using the following URL scheme:
16
17 {{code}}
18 http://username:[email protected]/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome?basicauth=1
19 {{/code}}
20
21 {{warning}}
22 Be careful that if you use the ##HTTP## protocol your password will be sent in clear over the network and is thus very unsafe. When using basic authentication you should make sure your wiki is configured to use ##HTTPS##.
23 {{/warning}}
24
25 = Social Login =
26
27 See the [[Social Login Application>>extensions:Extension.Social Login Application]].
28
29 = LDAP Authentication =
30
31 == Generic LDAP configuration ==
32
33 In order to enable the LDAP support you have to change the authentication method in //WEB-INF/xwiki.cfg// as follows:
34
35 {{code language="properties"}}
36 #-# LDAP authentication service
37 # xwiki.authentication.authclass=com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.LDAP.XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl
38
39 #-# Turn LDAP authentication on - otherwise only XWiki authentication
40 #-# - 0: disable
41 #-# - 1: enable
42 #-# The default is 1
43 # xwiki.authentication.ldap=1
44 {{/code}}
45
46 You can setup the LDAP configuration in the **xwiki.cfg** file by filling the following properties:
47
48 {{code language="properties"}}
49 #-# LDAP Server (Active Directory, eDirectory, OpenLDAP, etc.)
50 xwiki.authentication.ldap.server=127.0.0.1
51 xwiki.authentication.ldap.port=389
52
53 #-# LDAP login, empty = anonymous access, otherwise specify full dn
54 #-# {0} is replaced with the user name, {1} with the password
55 xwiki.authentication.ldap.bind_DN=cn={0},department=USER,department=INFORMATIK,department=1230,o=MP
56 xwiki.authentication.ldap.bind_pass={1}
57
58 #-# The Base DN used in LDAP searches
59 xwiki.authentication.ldap.base_DN=
60
61 #-# LDAP query to search the user in the LDAP database (in case a static admin user is provided in
62 #-# xwiki.authentication.ldap.bind_DN)
63 #-# {0} is replaced with the user uid field name and {1} with the user name
64 #-# The default is ({0}={1})
65 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.user_search_fmt=({0}={1})
66
67 #-# Only members of the following group will be verified in the LDAP
68 #-# otherwise only users that are found after searching starting from the base_DN
69 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.user_group=cn=developers,ou=groups,o=MegaNova,c=US
70
71 #-# [Since 1.5RC1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
72 #-# Only users not member of the following group can autheticate
73 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.exclude_group=cn=admin,ou=groups,o=MegaNova,c=US
74
75 #-# Specifies the LDAP attribute containing the identifier to be used as the XWiki name
76 #-# The default is cn
77 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.UID_attr=cn
78
79 #-# [Since 1.5M1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
80 #-# The potential LDAP groups classes. Separated by commas.
81 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_classes=group,groupOfNames,groupOfUniqueNames,dynamicGroup,dynamicGroupAux,groupWiseDistributionList
82
83 #-# [Since 1.5M1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
84 #-# The potential names of the LDAP groups fields containings the members. Separated by commas.
85 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_memberfields=member,uniqueMember
86
87 #-# retrieve the following fields from LDAP and store them in the XWiki user object (xwiki-attribute=ldap-attribute)
88 xwiki.authentication.ldap.fields_mapping=last_name=sn,first_name=givenName,email=mail
89
90 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
91 #-# On every login update the mapped attributes from LDAP to XWiki otherwise this happens only once when the XWiki
92 #-# account is created.
93 #-# - 0: only when creating user
94 #-# - 1: at each authentication
95 #-# The default is 0
96 xwiki.authentication.ldap.update_user=1
97
98 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
99 #-# Maps XWiki groups to LDAP groups, separator is "|". The following kind of groups are supported:
100 #-# * LDAP static groups (users/subgroups are listed statically in the group object)
101 #-# * [Since 3.3M1] LDAP organization units (users/subgroups are sub object of the provided organization unit)
102 #-# * [Since 3.3M1] LDAP filter (users/groups are object found in a search with the provided filter),
103 #-# | character in the filter need to be escaped with backslash (\).
104 #-#
105 #-# Here is an example:
106 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_mapping=XWiki.XWikiAdminGroup=cn=AdminRole,ou=groups,o=domain,c=com|\
107 # XWiki.LDAPUsers=ou=groups,o=domain,c=com|\
108 # XWiki.Organisation=(cn=testers)
109
110 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
111 #-# Time in s after which the list of members in a group is refreshed from LDAP
112 #-# The default is 21600 (6 hours)
113 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.groupcache_expiration=21600
114
115 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
116 #-# - create : synchronize group membership only when the user is first created
117 #-# - always: synchronize on every login
118 #-# The default is always
119 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.mode_group_sync=always
120
121 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
122 #-# If ldap authentication fails for any reason, try XWiki DB authentication with the same credentials
123 #-# - 0: disable
124 #-# - 1: enable
125 #-# The default is 0
126 xwiki.authentication.ldap.trylocal=1
127
128 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
129 #-# SSL connection to LDAP server
130 #-# - 0: normal
131 #-# - 1: SSL
132 #-# The default is 0
133 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.ssl=0
134
135 #-# [Since 1.3M2, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
136 #-# The keystore file to use in SSL connection
137 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.ssl.keystore=
138
139 #-# [Since 1.5M1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
140 #-# The java secure provider used in SSL connection
141 #-# The default is com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider
142 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.ssl.secure_provider=com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider
143
144 #-# Bypass standard LDAP bind validation by doing a direct password comparison.
145 #-# If you don't know what you do, don't use that. It's covering very rare and bad use cases.
146 #-# - 0: disable
147 #-# - 1: enable
148 #-# The default is 0
149 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.validate_password=0
150
151 #-# [Since 1.5M1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
152 #-# Specifies the LDAP attribute containing the password to be used "when xwiki.authentication.ldap.validate_password"
153 #-# is set to 1
154 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.password_field=userPassword
155
156 #-# [Since 4.3M1, XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl]
157 #-# The maximum number of milliseconds the client waits for any operation under these constraints to complete.
158 #-# The default is 1000
159 # xwiki.authentication.ldap.timeout=1000
160 {{/code}}
161
162 {{info}}
163 You can also setup the LDAP configuration in the XWiki.XWikiPreferences page by going to the object editor. Simply replace **xwiki.authentication.ldap.** with **ldap_**. For example ##xwiki.authentication.ldap.base_DN## becomes ##ldap_base_DN##.
164 {{/info}}
165
166 For testing purposes, you may wish to omit the "ldap.fields_mapping" field, to test the authentication first, and then add it later to get the mappings right.
167
168 Here are some LDAP clients for checking your configuration:
169
170 Java based and Open Source:
171
172 * [[Apache Directory Studio>>http://directory.apache.org/studio/]]
173 * [[JXplorer>>http://jxplorer.org/]]
174
175 Windows only:
176
177 * [[Softerra LDAP Browser>>http://www.ldapbrowser.com/info_softerra-ldap-browser.htm]]
178
179 == Detailed use cases ==
180
181 See the [[LDAP configuration uses cases>>LDAPAuthenticationUseCases]] for some detailed use cases.
182
183 == Enable LDAP debug log ==
184
185 See [[AdminGuide.Logging]].
186
187 The specific packages to track for LDAP are ##com.xpn.xwiki.plugin.ldap## and ##com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.LDAP##.
188
189 Starting with XWiki 4.2 we added a new [[Logging UI>>extensions:Extension.Logging Application]] from the Administration section, which allows logging to be enabled at runtime, directly from the UI, without the need to restart the wiki.
190
191 In XWiki 3.4 you need to add the following in ##WEB-INF/classes/logback.xml##:
192
193 {{code}}
194 <!-- LDAP debugging -->
195 <logger name="com.xpn.xwiki.plugin.ldap" level="trace"/>
196 <logger name="com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.LDAP" level="trace"/>
197 {{/code}}
198
199 Before 3.1, add the following to the log4j configuration file:
200
201 {{code}}
202 log4j.logger.com.xpn.xwiki.plugin.ldap=trace
203 log4j.logger.com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.LDAP=trace
204 {{/code}}
205
206 = eXo Authentication =
207
208 The eXo authentication is used automatically by adding/editing the //xwiki.exo=1// property in //WEB-INF/xwiki.cfg//.
209
210 = Custom Authentication =
211
212 This allows plugging to any existing authentication mechanism such as SiteMinder, etc. To configure a custom authentication do the following:
213
214 1. Implement the {{scm path="xwiki-platform-core/xwiki-platform-oldcore/src/main/java/com/xpn/xwiki/user/api/XWikiAuthService.java"}}XWikiAuthService{{/scm}} interface.
215 1. Edit the //WEB-INF/xwiki.cfg// file and add a //xwiki.authentication.authclass// property pointing to your class. For example:
216
217 {{code language="properties"}}
218 xwiki.authentication.authclass = com.acme.MyCustomAuthenticationService
219 {{/code}}
220
221 You can find various [[authenticators examples>>https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/sandbox/tree/master/authenticators]].
222
223 Here's a [[tutorial on implementing a custom authentication class for authenticating against Oracle's SSO>>http://bodez.wordpress.com/2008/10/15/xwiki-user-authentication-with-oracle-sso/]].
224
225 Note, that you can also implement own right management service by implementing the {{scm path="xwiki-platform-core/xwiki-platform-oldcore/src/main/java/com/xpn/xwiki/user/api/XWikiRightService.java"}}XWikiRightService{{/scm}} interface:
226
227 {{code language="properties"}}
228 xwiki.authentication.rightsclass = com.acme.MyCustomRightsService
229 {{/code}}
230
231 and Group Service by implementing {{scm path="xwiki-platform-core/xwiki-platform-oldcore/src/main/java/com/xpn/xwiki/user/api/XWikiGroupService.java"}}XWikiGroupService{{/scm}}:
232
233 {{code language="properties"}}
234 xwiki.authentication.groupclass = com.acme.MyCustomGroupService
235 {{/code}}
236
237 == Custom Authentication using a Groovy script in a wiki page ==
238
239 Start by specifying you want to use the Groovy Authenticator:
240
241 {{code language="properties"}}
242 xwiki.authentication.authclass = com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.xwiki.GroovyAuthServiceImpl
243 {{/code}}
244
245 Then add another configuration parameter to specify in which wiki page the authenticator is:
246
247 {{code language="properties"}}
248 xwiki.authentication.groovy.pagename = MySpace.MyPage
249 {{/code}}
250
251 Then put some Groovy code in a wiki page that returns a XWikiAuthService object.
252
253 = Authentication parameters =
254
255 You can set each of these parameters by setting:
256
257 {{code}}
258 xwiki.authentication.~~param_name~~=~~param_value~~
259 {{/code}}
260
261 |=Name|=Optional|=Allowed values|=Default value|=Description
262 |encryptionKey|No(1)|?|n/a|Set the Encryption Key used to create a secret key, the secret key is passed to the Cipher object to be used during encryption and decryption of cookie values.
263 |validationKey|No(2)|?|n/a|Set the Validation Key used to generate hash value; the hash value is stored with the cookie and used to verify that the cookie has not been tampered with.
264 |cookiedomains|Yes|String|Server host name|Which host(s) should your cookies be sent to; use only if you want to share cookies across domains, otherwise should be commented out
265 |cookielife|Yes|Number|14|Number of days cookies take to expire
266 |cookiepath|Yes|String|/|The webapp path that XWiki cookies should be sent to; if you have anything else running on your web server, this should be set to ///xwiki//
267 |default_page|Yes|String|/bin/view/ Main/WebHome|Page to redirect to if xredirect parameter is not set
268 |encryptionalgorithm|Yes|?|?|Set the Encryption Algorithm used to encrypt and decrypt cookies
269 |encryptionmode|Yes|?|?|Set the Encryption Mode used to encrypt and decrypt cookies
270 |encryptionpadding|Yes|?|?|Set the Encryption Padding used to encrypt and decrypt cookies
271 |errorpage|Yes|String|/bin/loginerror/ XWiki/XWikiLogin|Page to redirect to if there is an error logging in
272 |loginpage|Yes|String|/bin/login/ XWiki/XWikiLogin|Page to redirect to when not logged in
273 |loginsubmitpage|Yes|String|/loginsubmit/ XWiki/XWikiLogin|The URL where the username and password are posted to when logging in.
274 |logoutpage|Yes|String|/bin/logout/ XWiki/XWikiLogout|Page to redirect to after logged out
275 |realmname|Yes|String|XWiki|Sets the realm name
276 |protection|Yes|all, validation, encryption, none|all|Protection level for the "remember me" cookie functionality
277 |unauthorized_code|Yes|Number|401|The HTTP status code to return when the login has failed.
278 |useip|Yes|true / false|true|Specify to use the IP address when encrypting the cookie data; if IP address changes will need to re-login.
279
280 1. Only required if protection = encryption or all (default)
281 1. Only required if protection = validation or all (default)
282
283 = Kerberos SSO Authentication =
284
285 {{warning}}
286 This implementation of SSO is currently under review see: http://jira.xwiki.org/jira/browse/XWIKI-2496 . The class which is described in this segment of documentation, AppServerTrustedKerberosAuthServiceImpl, is not part of the default XWiki distribution!
287 {{/warning}}
288
289 The following is an example of **mod_auth_kerb** for Apache being used to easily implement XWiki authentication of users via HTTP Negotiate on a linux server. This example assumes you already have a working Apache2 HTTPD and Apache Tomcat setup with mod_jk.
290
291 First of all you need to create a principal and keytab for the webserver:
292
293 {{code}}
294 # kadmin
295 kadmin> addprinc -randkey HTTP/wiki.example.com
296 kadmin> ktadd -k /etc/apache2/ssl/wiki.keytab HTTP/wiki.example.com
297 kadmin> quit
298 {{/code}}
299
300 Make sure the keytab has the right permissions and ownership:
301
302 {{code}}
303 chown www-data:www-data /etc/apache2/ssl/wiki.keytab
304 chmod 400 /etc/apache2/ssl/wiki.keytab
305 {{/code}}
306
307 Install **mod_auth_kerb** in your linux installation. On Debian or Ubuntu this would be achieved by running:
308
309 {{code}}
310 aptitude install libapache2-mod-auth-kerb
311 {{/code}}
312
313 Of course the installation procedure varies per Linux distribution.
314
315 If your xwiki installation is mounted in Apache HTTPD under /xwiki, add the following to the virtual host configuration:
316
317 {{code}}
318 <Location /xwiki/>
319 AuthType Kerberos
320 AuthName "Kerberos Login"
321 KrbAuthRealms EXAMPLE.COM
322 Krb5Keytab "/etc/apache2/ssl/wiki.keytab"
323 KrbMethodK5Passwd off
324 KrbMethodNegotiate on
325 KrbSaveCredentials on
326 require valid-user
327 </Location>
328 {{/code}}
329
330 Make sure Apache Tomcat uses the authentication performed by Apache HTTPD with the "tomcatAuthentication" property in the connector description (which is in the **server.xml** file of Apache Tomcat):
331
332 {{code}}
333 <Connector port="8009" address="127.0.0.1" enableLookups="false" tomcatAuthentication="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" />
334 {{/code}}
335
336 Place the **authkerb.jar** jar in the ##WEB-INF/lib## directory of XWiki in Apache Tomcat.
337
338 Have Xwiki use the authentication module by changing the "xwiki.authentication.authclass" property in the ##WEB-INF/lib/xwiki.cfg## file.
339
340 {{code}}
341 xwiki.authentication.authclass=com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.xwiki.AppServerTrustedKerberosAuthServiceImpl
342 {{/code}}
343
344 If you use Firefox, do not forget to whitelist the xwiki URL for HTTP Negotiate in about:config with the "network.negotiate-auth.trusted-uris" property. Possible values for this property include: //https:~/~/// for all secured connections or **example.com** for all example.com subdomains.
345
346 When I used JBoss SPNEGO (Kerberos in combination with LDAP) I changed the code of the **XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl** to be able to detect the sso user. The authenication already happend by using the SPNEGO module (JAAS). After that I'm using the ldap synchronisation feature to make sure that the user is up to date. The combination leads to an automatic login in XWiki and the user rights are controlled in the Active Directory server. I hope you can adopt this code or that you can use it for your own projects.
347
348 The configuration of ldap:
349
350 {{code}}
351 xwiki.authentication.authclass=com.wiki.sso.SSOLdapAuthenicationImpl
352 xwiki.authentication.ldap=1
353 xwiki.authentication.ldap.server=<ad-server>
354 xwiki.authentication.ldap.port=389
355 xwiki.authentication.ldap.base_DN=<OU=Users,...............>
356 #use a fixed user to attach to the ldap database,
357 #the password is not provided with the SSOLdapAuthenicationImpl
358 xwiki.authentication.ldap.bind_DN=<domain>\\<user>
359 xwiki.authentication.ldap.bind_pass=<password>
360 #Microsoft AD configuration
361 xwiki.authentication.ldap.UID_attr=sAMAccountName
362 xwiki.authentication.ldap.fields_mapping=name=sAMAccountName,last_name=sn,first_name=givenName,fullname=displayName,mail=mail,ldap_dn=dn
363 xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_memberfields=member,uniqueMember
364 #LDAP group mapping
365 xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_mapping=XWiki.XWikiAdminGroup=CN=WIKI_Admin,............|\
366 XWiki.XWikiAllGroup=CN=WIKI_User,...........
367 {{/code}}
368
369 The java code:
370
371 {{code}}
372 package com.wiki.sso;
373
374
375 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
376 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
377
378 import com.xpn.xwiki.XWikiContext;
379 import com.xpn.xwiki.XWikiException;
380 import com.xpn.xwiki.user.api.XWikiUser;
381 import com.xpn.xwiki.user.impl.LDAP.XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl;
382
383 import java.security.Principal;
384
385 public class SSOLdapAuthenicationImpl extends XWikiLDAPAuthServiceImpl {
386 /**
387 * Logging tool.
388 */
389 private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(SSOLdapAuthenicationImpl.class);
390
391
392 public XWikiUser checkAuth(XWikiContext context) throws XWikiException {
393 String user = getRemoteUser(context);
394 if ((user != null) || !user.equals("")) {
395 if (LOG.isInfoEnabled())
396 LOG.info("Launching create user for " + user);
397 if ( authenticate(user, context) != null ) {
398 if (LOG.isInfoEnabled())
399 LOG.info("Create user done for " + user);
400 user = "XWiki." + user;
401 context.setUser(user);
402 System.out.println("User is set to:" + user);
403 return new XWikiUser(user);
404 } else {
405 LOG.error( "User " + user + " can't be authenticated against ldap" );
406 }
407 }
408 return super.checkAuth(context);
409 }
410
411 /**
412 * We cannot authenticate locally since we need to trust the app server for
413 * authentication
414 *
415 * @param username
416 * @param password
417 * @param context
418 * @return
419 * @throws XWikiException
420 */
421 public XWikiUser checkAuth(String username, String password,
422 String rememberme, XWikiContext context) throws XWikiException {
423 String user = getRemoteUser(context);
424 if ((user == null) || user.equals("")) {
425 return super.checkAuth(username, password, rememberme, context);
426 }
427 return checkAuth(context);
428 }
429
430 private String getRemoteUser(XWikiContext context) {
431 String userName = context.getRequest().getHttpServletRequest()
432 .getRemoteUser();
433 if (userName != null) {
434 // only take the front of the username@domain
435 String[] elements = userName.split("@", 2);
436 userName = elements[0];
437 }
438 return userName;
439 }
440
441 public Principal authenticate(String login, XWikiContext context) throws XWikiException
442 {
443 if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
444 LOG.trace("Starting LDAP authentication");
445 }
446
447 /*
448 * TODO: Put the next 4 following "if" in common with XWikiAuthService to ensure coherence This method was
449 * returning null on failure so I preserved that behaviour, while adding the exact error messages to the context
450 * given as argument. However, the right way to do this would probably be to throw XWikiException-s.
451 */
452
453 if (login == null) {
454 // If we can't find the username field then we are probably on the login screen
455
456 if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
457 LOG.debug("The provided user is null."
458 + " We don't try to authenticate, it probably means the user is in non logged mode.");
459 }
460
461 return null;
462 }
463
464 // Check for empty usernames
465 if (login.equals("")) {
466 context.put("message", "nousername");
467
468 if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
469 LOG.debug("LDAP authentication failed: login empty");
470 }
471
472 return null;
473 }
474
475 // If we have the context then we are using direct mode
476 // then we should specify the database
477 // This is needed for virtual mode to work
478 Principal principal = null;
479
480 // Try authentication against ldap
481 principal = ldapAuthenticate(login, "", context);
482
483 if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
484 if (principal != null) {
485 LOG.debug("LDAP authentication succeed with principal [" + principal.getName() + "]");
486 } else {
487 LOG.debug("LDAP authentication failed for user [" + login + "]");
488 }
489 }
490
491 return principal;
492 }
493 }
494 {{/code}}

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